2.3.3 File Format Recommendations

2.3.3 File Format Recommendations

This page is a work in progress

Hyku is file format agnostic, meaning it can store and manage any type of file uploaded to the repository. However, enhanced functionality—such as in-browser display, thumbnail generation, and IIIF viewing—is only available for certain formats, including:

  • PDF / PDF/A

  • JPEG / TIFF

  • MP4 / MP3

  • And a small set of others

While you are free to upload any format that suits your content and use case, we encourage selecting sustainable file formats, especially for long-term access, preservation, and interoperability.

The guidelines below reflect best practices for sustainable digital stewardship and make note of formats that also benefit from Hyku’s native features.


General Principles

Choose file formats that are:

  • Open or non-proprietary

  • Uncompressed or losslessly compressed

  • Widely adopted and well-documented

  • Supported by Hyku for display, thumbnails, or IIIF, when applicable

Avoid:

  • Formats requiring niche or proprietary software to open

  • Heavily compressed or encrypted formats

  • Formats not intended for preservation or reuse


Recommended File Formats by Content Type

Text Documents

Use Case

Preferred Format(s)

Hyku Support Notes

Use Case

Preferred Format(s)

Hyku Support Notes

Finalized text

PDF/A

✅ Displays inline

Editable documents

ODT

⚠️ Stored but not rendered

Plain text / code

TXT, XML, JSON

⚠️ Stored only

Images

Use Case

Preferred Format(s)

Hyku Support Notes

Use Case

Preferred Format(s)

Hyku Support Notes

Archival images

TIFF (uncompressed)

✅ Thumbnail support

Web display

JPEG (high res)

✅ Display and thumbnails

Line art / drawings

SVG, PNG

⚠️ Stored but not all render inline

Audio

Use Case

Preferred Format(s)

Hyku Support Notes

Use Case

Preferred Format(s)

Hyku Support Notes

Archival audio

WAV, FLAC

⚠️ Stored but not streamed

Streaming audio

MP3

✅ In-browser playback

Video

Use Case

Preferred Format(s)

Hyku Support Notes

Use Case

Preferred Format(s)

Hyku Support Notes

Archival video

FFV1 in MKV container

⚠️ Stored only

Web streaming

MP4 (H.264)

✅ In-browser playback

Spreadsheets & Tabular Data

Use Case

Preferred Format(s)

Hyku Support Notes

Use Case

Preferred Format(s)

Hyku Support Notes

Structured data

CSV, TSV

⚠️ Stored only

Source sheets

XLSX (non-macro)

⚠️ Stored only

Presentations

Use Case

Preferred Format(s)

Hyku Support Notes

Use Case

Preferred Format(s)

Hyku Support Notes

Slide decks

PDF/A

✅ Display inline

Source formats

ODP, PPTX

⚠️ Stored only

Datasets

Use Case

Preferred Format(s)

Hyku Support Notes

Use Case

Preferred Format(s)

Hyku Support Notes

Structured data

CSV, JSON, XML

⚠️ Stored only

Scientific data

NetCDF, HDF5

⚠️ Stored only

Specialized or Complex Formats

For geospatial data, 3D models, or domain-specific formats:

  • Upload both open format versions (e.g., OBJ, GeoJSON) and documentation (e.g., README files).

  • Include descriptive metadata indicating software used, version, and dependencies.

  • Consider attaching screenshots or proxy representations as JPEGs or PDFs to support discoverability.


Tips for Depositors

  • Name files consistently and avoid special characters in filenames.

  • Use embedded metadata (e.g., EXIF for images, ID3 for MP3) where possible.

  • Bundle documentation with complex or software-dependent files.

  • Prefer uploading formats that support Hyku display for increased usability.